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Hypoksisk hjerneskade

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
  1. Nolan JP, Soar J, Cariou A, Cronberg T, Moulaert VR, Deakin CD, Bottiger BW, Friberg H, Sunde K, Sandroni C.. European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines for Post-resuscitation Care 2015: Section 5 of the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015. Resuscitation. ; 2015;95:: 202-222. pmid:26477410 PubMed  
  2. Sandroni C, Cronberg T, Sekhon M. Brain injury after cardiac arrest: pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Oct 27:1–22. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06548-2. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34705079 PubMed  
  3. Cronberg T, Greer DM, Lilja G, Moulaert V, Swindell P, Rossetti AO.. Brain injury after cardiac arrest: from prognostication of comatose patients to rehabilitation. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19(7):: 611-622. pmid:32562686 PubMed  
  4. Wijdicks EFM. Predicting the outcome of a comatose patient at the bedside. Pract Neurol. 2020; 20(1):: 26-33. pmid:31537635 PubMed  
  5. Perkins GD, Callaway CW, Haywood K, Neumar RW, Lilja G, Rowland MJ, Sawyer KN, Skrifvars MB, Nolan JP. Brain injury after cardiac arrest. Lancet. 2021 Oct 2;398(10307):1269-1278. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00953-3. Epub 2021 Aug 26. PMID: 34454687. PubMed  
  6. Sandroni C, Cronberg T, Sekhon M. Brain injury after cardiac arrest: pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Dec;47(12):1393-1414. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06548-2. Epub 2021 Oct 27. PMID: 34705079 PubMed  
  7. Nakstad ER, Stær-Jensen H, Wimmer H, Henriksen J, Alteheld LH, Reichenbach A, Drægni T, Šaltytė-Benth J, Wilson JA, Etholm L, Øijordsbakken M, Eritsland J, Seljeflot I, Jacobsen D, Andersen GØ, Lundqvist C, Sunde K. Late awakening, prognostic factors and long-term outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest - results of the prospective Norwegian Cardio-Respiratory Arrest Study (NORCAST). Resuscitation. 2020 Apr;149:170-179. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.12.031. Epub 2020 Jan 8. PMID: 31926258. PubMed  
  8. Keijzer HM, Hoedemaekers CWE, Meijer FJA, Tonino BAR, Klijn CJM, Hofmeijer J. Brain imaging in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: Pathophysiological correlates and prognostic properties. Resuscitation. 2018 Dec;133:124-136. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.09.012. Epub 2018 Sep 19. PMID: 30244045. PubMed  
  9. Sandroni C, Cariou A, Cavallaro F, et al. Prognostication in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: an advisory statement from the European Resuscitation Council and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 2014; 40(12):1816-1831: 1816-1831. pmid:25398304 PubMed  
  10. Bauer G, Trinka E, Kaplan PW. EEG patterns in hypoxic encephalopathies (post-cardiac arrest syndrome): fluctuations, transitions, and reactions. J Clin Neurophysiol 2013; 30: 477-89. pmid:24084181 PubMed  
  11. André-Obadia N, Zyss J, Gavaret M, et al. . Recommendations for the use of electroencephalography and evoked potentials in comatose patients. . Neurophysiol Clin. 2018; 48(3):: 143-169. . pmid:29784540 PubMed  
  12. Kane N, Oware A.. Somatosensory evoked potentials aid prediction after hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury.. Pract Neurol. 2015; Oct;15(5):352-60: 352-60. pmid:22614870 PubMed  
  13. Scheibe F, Neumann WJ, Lange C, et al. . Movement disorders after hypoxic brain injury following cardiac arrest in adults. Eur J Neurol. 2020. pmid:32416613 PubMed  
  14. Wijdicks EFM. Predicting the outcome of a comatose patient at the bedside. Pract Neurol. 2020 Feb;20(1):26-33. PMID: 31537635. PubMed  
  15. Sandroni C, D'Arrigo S, Nolan JP. Prognostication after cardiac arrest. Crit Care. 2018 Jun 5;22(1):150. PMID: 29871657 PubMed  
  16. Seder DB, Sunde K, Rubertsson S, Mooney M, Stammet P, Riker RR, Kern KB, Unger B, Cronberg T, Dziodzio J, Nielsen N; International Cardiac Arrest Registry. Neurologic outcomes and postresuscitation care of patients with myoclonus following cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2015 Jul;92:154-9 . pmid:25680823 PubMed  
  17. Freund B, Kaplan PW. Myoclonus After Cardiac Arrest: Where Do We Go From Here? Epilepsy Curr. 2017 Sep-Oct;17(5):265-272. PMID: 29225535 PubMed  
  18. Rey A, Rossetti AO, Miroz JP, Eckert P, Oddo M. Late Awakening in Survivors of Postanoxic Coma: Early Neurophysiologic Predictors and Association With ICU and Long-Term Neurologic Recovery. Crit Care Med. 2018 Oct 9. PMID: 30303838 PubMed  
  19. Wijdicks EF, Hijdra A, Young GB, Bassetti CL, Wiebe S. Practice parameter: prediction of outcome in comatose survivors after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2006; 67: 203-10 Neurology  
  20. Rossetti AO, Rabinstein AA, Oddo M. Neurological prognostication of outcome in patients in coma after cardiac arrest. Lancet Neurol. 2016 Mar 23. pii: S1474-4422(16)00015-6 . pmid:27017468 PubMed  
  • Unn Ljøstad, spesialist i nevrologi, professor PhD
  • Åse Mygland, spesialist i nevrologi, professor dr med