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Karotisstenose

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
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  1. Zhu Z, Yu W. Update in the treatment of extracranial atherosclerotic disease for stroke prevention. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2019 Nov 7;5(1):65-70. PMID: 32411410 PubMed  
  2. Muraga K1, Suda S2, Nagayama H1, Okubo S1, Abe A1, Aoki J1, Nogami A1, Suzuki K1, Sakamoto Y1, Ueda M1, Mishina M1, Kimura K1.. Limb-shaking TIA: Cortical myoclonus associated with ICA stenosis. Neurology. 2016; Jan 19;86(3): 307-9. pmid:26683641 PubMed  
  3. Arning C, Widder B, von Reutern GM, Stiegler H, Görtler M. Revision of DEGUM ultrasound criteria for grading internal carotid artery stenoses and transfer to NASCET measurement. Ultraschall Med 2010; 31: 251-7. pmid:20414854.
  4. Oates CP, Naylor AR, Hartshorne T, Charles SM, Fail T, Humphries K, Aslam M, Khodabakhsh P. Joint recommendations for reporting carotid ultrasound investigations in the United Kingdom. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2009; 37: 251-61.
  5. von Reutern GM, Goertler MW, Bornstein NM, Del Sette M, Evans DH, Hetzel A, Kaps M, Perren F, Razumovky A, von Reutern M, Shiogai T, Titianova E, Traubner P, Venketasubramanian N, Wong LK, Yasaka M. Grading carotid stenosis using ultrasonic methods. Stroke 2012; 43: 916-21. Stroke  
  6. Topakian R, King A, Kwon SU, Schaafsma A, Shipley M, Markus HS; ACES Investigators. Ultrasonic plaque echolucency and emboli signals predict stroke in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Neurology 2011 ; 77(8): 751-8. pmid:21849657 PubMed  
  7. Partovi S, Loebe M, Aschwanden M, Baldi T, Jäger KA, Feinstein SB, Staub D. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for assessing carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012; 198(1): W13-9. pmid:22194509 PubMed  
  8. Powers WJ, Clarke WR, Grubb RL Jr, Videen TO, Adams HP Jr, Derdeyn CP; COSS Investigators. Lower stroke risk with lower blood pressure in hemodynamic cerebral ischemia. Neurology 2014; 82: 1027-32. pmid:24532276 PubMed  
  9. Vasconcelos V, Cassola N, da Silva EM, Baptista-Silva JC. Immediate versus delayed treatment for recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Sep 9;9:CD011401 . pmid:27611108 PubMed  
  10. Furie KL, Kasner SE, Adams RJ, Albers GW, Bush RL, Fagan SC, Halperin JL, Johnston SC, Katzan I, Kernan WN, Mitchell PH, Ovbiagele B, Palesch YY, Sacco RL, Schwamm LH, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Turan TN, Wentworth D; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association. Stroke 2011; 42: 227-76. Stroke  
  11. Rerkasem K, Rothwell PM. Carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 13: CD001081. Cochrane (DOI)  
  12. Momjian-Mayor I, Burkhard P, Murith N, Mugnai D, Yilmaz H, Narata AP, Lovblad K, Pereira V, Righini M, Bounameaux H, Sztajzel RF. Diagnosis of and treatment for symptomatic carotid stenosis: an updated review. Acta Neurol Scand 2012; 126: 293-305.
  13. Rerkasem A, Orrapin S, Howard DP, Rerkasem K. Carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Sep 12;9:CD001081. PMID: 32918282. PubMed  
  14. Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, Bravata DM, Chimowitz MI, Ezekowitz MD, Fang MC, Fisher M, Furie KL, Heck DV, Johnston SC, Kasner SE, Kittner SJ, Mitchell PH, Rich MW, Richardson D, Schwamm LH, Wilson JA; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014; 45: 2160-236. pmid:24788967 PubMed  
  15. Grotta JC. Clinical practice. Carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2013 ; 369: 1143-50. pmid:24047063 PubMed  
  16. Bonati LH, Jongen LM, Haller S, Flach HZ, Dobson J, Nederkoorn PJ, Macdonald S, Gaines PA, Waaijer A, Stierli P, Jäger HR, Lyrer PA, Kappelle LJ, Wetzel SG, van der Lugt A, Mali WP, Brown MM, van der Worp HB, Engelter ST; ICSS-MRI study group. New ischaemic brain lesions on MRI after stenting or endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis: a substudy of the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS). Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 353-62. pmid:20189458. PubMed  
  17. Altinbas A, van Zandvoort MJ, van den Berg E, Jongen LM, Algra A, Moll FL, Nederkoorn PJ, Mali WP, Bonati LH, Brown MM, Kappelle LJ, van der Worp HB. Cognition after carotid endarterectomy or stenting: a randomized comparison. Neurology 2011; 77: 1084-90. Neurology  
  18. Patti G, Tomai F, Melfi R, Ricottini E, Macrì M, Sedati P, Giardina A, Aurigemma C, Leporace M, D'Ambrosio A, Di Sciascio G.. Strategies of clopidogrel load and atorvastatin reload to prevent ischemic cerebral events in patients undergoing protected carotid stenting. Results of the randomized ARMYDA-9 CAROTID (Clopidogrel and Atorvastatin Treatment During Carotid Artery Stenting) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 61: 1379-87. pmid:23490041 PubMed  
  19. Reynolds MR, Kamath AA, Grubb RL, Powers WJ, Adams HP, Derdeyn CP; Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study Investigators. The safety of aeroplane travel in patients with symptomatic carotid occlusion. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014; 85: 435-7. pmid:24249780 PubMed  
  20. Beckman JA.. Management of asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis. JAMA. 2013; 310: 1612-8. pmid:24129465 PubMed  
  21. Gologorsky RC, Lancaster E, Tucker LY, Nguyen-Huynh MN, Rothenberg KA, Avins AL, Kuang HC, Chang RW. Natural History of Asymptomatic Moderate Carotid Artery Stenosis in a Large Community-Based Cohort. Stroke. 2022 Sep;53(9):2838-2846. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.038426. Epub 2022 Jun 8. PMID: 35674045. PubMed  
  22. Hackam DG. Optimal Medical Management of Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis. Stroke. 2021 Jun;52(6):2191-2198. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.033994. Epub 2021 May 5. PMID: 33947208. PubMed  
  23. Naylor AR, Ricco JB, de Borst GJ, Debus S, de Haro J, Halliday A, Hamilton G, Kakisis J, Kakkos S, Lepidi S, Markus HS, McCabe DJ, Roy J, Sillesen H, van den Berg JC, Vermassen F, Esvs Guidelines Committee, Kolh P, Chakfe N, Hinchliffe RJ, Koncar I, Lindholt JS, Vega de Ceniga M, Verzini F, Esvs Guideline Reviewers, Archie J, Bellmunt S, Chaudhuri A, Koelemay M, Lindahl AK, Padberg F, Venermo M. Editor's Choice - Management of Atherosclerotic Carotid and Vertebral Artery Disease: 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018 Jan;55(1):3-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2017.06.021. Epub 2017 Aug 26. PMID: 28851594. PubMed  
  24. Bonati LH, Kakkos S, Berkefeld J, de Borst GJ, Bulbulia R, Halliday A, van Herzeele I, Koncar I, McCabe DJ, Lal A, Ricco JB, Ringleb P, Taylor-Rowan M, Eckstein HH. European Stroke Organisation guideline on endarterectomy and stenting for carotid artery stenosis. Eur Stroke J. 2021 Jun;6(2):I-XLVII. doi: 10.1177/23969873211012121. Epub 2021 May 11. PMID: 34414302 PubMed  
  25. Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ, Bosch J, Dagenais GR, Hart RG, Shestakovska O, Diaz R, Alings M, Lonn EM, Anand SS, Widimsky P, Hori M, Avezum A, Piegas LS, Branch KRH, Probstfield J, Bhatt DL, Zhu J, Liang Y, Maggioni AP, Lopez-Jaramillo P, O'Donnell M, Kakkar AK, Fox KAA, Parkhomenko AN, Ertl G, Störk S, Keltai M, Ryden L, Pogosova N, Dans AL, Lanas F, Commerford PJ, Torp-Pedersen C, Guzik TJ, Verhamme PB, Vinereanu D, Kim JH, Tonkin AM, Lewis BS, Felix C, Yusoff K, Steg PG, Metsarinne KP, Cook Bruns N, Misselwitz F, Chen E, Leong D, Yusuf S; COMPASS Investigators. Rivaroxaban with or without Aspirin in Stable Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 5;377(14):1319-1330. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709118. Epub 2017 Aug 27. PMID: 28844192. PubMed  
  26. Paraskevas KI, Veith FJ, Spence JD. How to identify which patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis could benefit from endarterectomy or stenting. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2018 Feb 24;3(2):92-100. doi: 10.1136/svn-2017-000129. PMID: 30022795 PubMed  
  27. Conrad MF, Boulom V, Mukhopadhyay S, Garg A, Patel VI, Cambria RP. Progression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis despite optimal medical therapy. J Vasc Surg. 2013 Jul;58(1):128-35.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.04.002. Erratum in: J Vasc Surg. 2014 Apr;59(4):1179. Baloum, Valy corrected to Boulom, Valy. PMID: 23806255. PubMed  
  28. Wu TY, Anderson NE, Barber PA. Neurological complications of carotid revascularisation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012; 83: 543-50. pmid:22193563 PubMed  
  29. Michael L. LeFevre, MD, MSPH, on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force* . Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation StatementScreening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis. Ann Intern Med 2014; 161: 356-362. doi:10.7326/M14-1333 DOI  
  30. de Weerd M, Greving JP, Hedblad B, Lorenz MW, Mathiesen EB, O'Leary DH, Rosvall M, Sitzer M, de Borst GJ, Buskens E, Bots ML. Prediction of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in the general population: identification of high-risk groups. Stroke 2014; 45: 2366-71. pmid:24994719 PubMed  
  31. Arning C.. Carotid artery screening for stroke prevention. Radiologe. 2013; 53(9): 783-90. pmid:23760619 PubMed  
  • Unn Ljøstad, spesialist i nevrologi, professor PhD
  • Åse Mygland, spesialist i nevrologi, professor dr med
  • Annette Fromm, spesialist i nevrologi
  • Lars Thomassen, spesialist i nevrologi, professor dr med